Le système urinaire des oiseaux

The urinary ystem produces and discharges urine to rid the body of waste products. It consists of the kidneys, which balance electrolytes in blood, retaining and adding needed ones and removing unneeded or dangerous ones for excretion.
The kidneys’ main function is to process and remove wastes (created from cell metabolism) and excess ions from the blood, regulate blood volume and maintain electrolyte balance. The ureters carry the wastes down to the cloaca where they exit out of the body.
The avian urinary system is designed to conserve water, and it presents some characteristics: there’s no bladder, kidneys are divided into units called lobules and have two kinds of nephrons, urate is evacuated and not urea… In this article, we present you this system and how it works.